CLIMATE TRUTHS

By Dr Robert Ian Holmes

Since at least the early 1990s, politicians, bureaucrats, media, schools, universities and all other elite institutions, especially in Western countries, have been promoting a theory that the earth is warming catastrophically due to human activities. They have further insisted that the “science” on this subject is “settled”. After extensive studies and investigations, my co-author and I have concluded that nothing could be further from the truth.

Consequently, we decided to write a book, detailing why and how this “science” was deeply flawed in clear scientific terms and explaining the reality of the actual situation.

We decided that it is past time for real climate science to be told. The populations of the world deserve to know the real science behind global warming and climate changes.

With regards to climate and energy policies, The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is now in control of most Western Governments. The IPCC is a branch of the UN; it’s a political body, not a scientific body. It pursues a political agenda. To that end the IPCC and its appointed scientists ignore large numbers of ‘inconvenient’ scientific papers that are published. These are the real inconvenient truths. All the science papers that disagree with the IPCC’s political agenda are ignored or rejected. In our book, we present to the readers the science that the IPCC and its politicized scientists do not want you to know about. Includes 126 illustrations & 500 references to the scientific literature.

Adiabatic Auto-Compression

When a gas is compressed, it does negative work and its temperature rises. James Maxwell detailed the Poisson relation, (derived from the ideal gas law) and this can be represented using a formula, showing the increase in pressure as a gas parcel descends in a gravitational field. At any one time, 50% of the troposphere (the lowest and densest layer of Earth’s atmosphere where all weather occurs) is descending, and 50% is rising due to convection.

The Sun heats the Earth and atmosphere and powers the adiabatic convective process in all regions of the atmosphere which are over 0.1 bar (1), by heating the surface air by conduction and causing the warmer, more buoyant air to rise. As the air rises it decompresses and cools, losing some kinetic energy but gaining some potential energy. This cool air later falls as part of the convection cycle. As it falls it loses some potential energy and gains some kinetic energy and so heats back up again. This process does not create any new energy or any new heat; what it does is re-distribute the energy in the convecting air column. The key to understanding the result of this process is the answer to the key question.

“What does a thermometer measure when surrounded by gas”?

- A thermometer measures the average kinetic energy in that gas.

Thousands of mining and aviation engineers worldwide rely on the adiabatic auto-compression formulas backed up by thousands of experiments (2). Mining engineers need to calculate the temperature at the bottom of mine shafts then calculate the amount of ventilation required to keep the mine shaft at a comfortable temperature for mine workers. After they make their calculations, they go down the shaft and measure the rock temperatures which give them the amount of geothermal heat being applied to the air via conduction. Then they measure the air temperatures. These measurements validate their calculations. For most mine shafts in Australia, the bottom shaft air temperature is 50% geothermal and 50% adiabatic auto-compression. For the deep mines in South Africa and elsewhere, the geothermal has a higher percentage. This is based on the Ideal Gas Law - Section 7.23.

This is science that has been established since it was first proposed by Loschmidt in the 1860s then later supported by James Maxwell (3). As Richard Feynman said; “If it fails experiment it’s wrong”. Mining and aviation engineers have conducted thousands of experiments to validate their work; adiabatic auto-compression passes experiment. No one has ever falsified Loschmidt’s experiments or falsified Maxwell’s formulas.

It is said that we have a natural greenhouse effect which is the difference between Earth’s supposed theoretical temperature of -18°C and it’s measured +15°C. This 33°C is said to be caused by the ‘natural greenhouse effect’ which was in effect, simply an assumption. Adiabatic auto-compression falsifies this 33°C natural greenhouse effect. Earth’s surface temperature is actually set mechanically by gas thermodynamics and the gas laws, by adiabatic auto-compression, and by convection driven by solar insolation, not by radiative trapping (4).

There is no ‘greenhouse effect’

We show that there is no such thing as a ‘greenhouse effect’ or ‘GHE’ in the Earth’s atmosphere or in any other atmosphere. In other words, there is no special class of gases which can cause anomalous warming in our troposphere. There is a terminal conflict between the so-called GHE and the Ideal Gas Law, to the extent that one of these must be incorrect. Published work by Dr Holmes (5) shows a close relationship between the temperatures of the three terrestrial-type planetary bodies with thick atmospheres - Venus, Earth and Titan; which, at the same atmospheric pressure, is based solely on received solar radiation differences, despite the widely varying GHG concentrations in the atmospheres of these bodies. This relationship completely rules out any anomalous warming effect from the supposedly special class of gases named greenhouse gasses. The Earth’s lapse rate and surface temperature is set by insulation, convection and auto-compression, just like other similar planetary bodies are, not by a greenhouse effect.

After 45 years of GHE scare campaigns by the Catastrophic Anthropogenic Global Warming (CAGW) proponents and 50,000 plus published climate papers, there is still NOT ONE published paper in the literature, which quantifies a tropospheric warming and then attributes any of it to increasing atmospheric CO₂ concentrations. In other words, no one has ever measured this mythical ‘Greenhouse Warming’ of the Earth, supposedly coming from infra-red (IR) back-radiation reflected from atmospheric CO₂ molecules in any experiment. It is also clearly against the laws of thermodynamics for the Earth to heat itself with its own reflected radiation; (6) yet this is the key claim of GHE proponents.

GHE is just another hypothesis that fails experiment and has been falsified. We have listed 14 falsifications of the GHE hypothesis; and yet in science, only one falsification would be required to invalidate any hypothesis, see Chapter 11.

Changes in CO₂ concentrations have no measurable effect on the climate system

CO₂ changes lag temperature changes. It is impossible for the cause to be the effect. See Sections 6.15. IR back-radiation from CO₂ molecules can’t heat the Earth. (See Section 6.19 in our book). CO₂ forcing temperature is falsified. (See Section 6.1 in our book). We falsify the hypothesis of IR Radiative Forcing.

It is impossible for the Earth to heat itself with its own radiation. It’s impossible for there to be a greenhouse effect in Earth’s or in any other atmosphere. It is impossible to ‘trap’ IR radiation in Earth’s atmosphere, all radiation leaves Earth in 30ms (7). (See Section 7 in our book).19. All climate changes on Earth are dominated by climate cycles, now as always.

Humans cannot control atmospheric CO₂ concentrations either

We have shown that changes in CO₂ concentrations have no measurable effect on the climate system. We have shown that in any case, humans cannot control the level of atmospheric CO₂ concentrations. Atmospheric CO₂ concentrations are controlled by nature, i.e. Henry’s Law, Henry’s Ratio which in turn is controlled by sea surface temperatures (8). If humans emit more CO₂, the oceans will absorb more to balance Henry’s Ratio. Conversely if humans remove CO₂ from the atmosphere or reduce emissions, the oceans will emit more CO₂ to balance the ratio. See Sections 7.33 & 7.34. This obsession by politicians with Net Zero, demonstrates that politicians, fully ignorant of actual science, are trying to do the impossible.

Reality Check; We are actually in a severe CO₂ drought

CO₂ is lower now than at almost any time in the Earth’s history. CO₂ is beneficial for food crop production and the natural environment; it has no measurable detrimental effect on the climate or on humans. Around 4.5 billion years ago Earth had approximately 95% CO₂ in its atmosphere. We are now down to 0.04% and that can drop to a dangerously low 0.018% during glacial periods, which are 90% of the current time period on Earth. Plants, which are our food crops, don’t grow with CO₂ levels below 150 ppm or 0.015%. CO₂ has been permanently sequestered out of the ocean/atmosphere system over time by nature into limestone in the oceans. At the present rate of historical CO₂ decline, there is a worryingly low supply of CO₂ left before all forms of life on planet Earth goes extinct. This is because life without CO₂ is impossible! We desperately need a lot more of it, not less, and quickly, to stave off plant and human extinction. See Section 10.10.

The myth that CO₂ ‘did not rise above 300ppm’ until ~1920

The CAGW proponents continually state that all the increase in atmospheric CO₂ concentrations since the industrial revolution in 1750 were caused by man and that CO₂ ‘did not rise above 300 ppm for millions of years’ until approximately 1920. This nonsense comes from the monotonic ice core record. See Figure 7-8. We show in Sections 7.12, 7.13, 7.14 & 7.35 in our book that CO₂ levels rose above 300 ppm on numerous occasions over the past 12,000 years alone; and even over 400ppm. And we show in Sections 7.33 & 7.34 that all those CO₂ increases over 300 ppm were caused by ocean sea surface temperatures, in accordance with Henry’s Law.

This article summarizes the key points from our new book but there is, of course, far more. For instance, in Chapter 4 we show that natural climate cycles control the Earth’s climate system today, not man. Then, in Chapter 10 we show that politics is behind the climate alarm, not science and conduct an expose on the politicization of climate science.

The book, Climate Truths: Science the IPCC Rejects, is now available in your choice of cover from Amazon, Ebay, Shopify, Biblio and direct from our own website; climate-truths.com

_References

_{1) Robinson, T. D., & Catling, D. C. (2014). Common 0.1 [thinsp] bar tropopause in thick atmospheres set by pressure-dependent infrared transparency. Nature Geoscience, 7(1), 12-15.}

_{2) Lewis & Clark; ELEMENTS of MINING (1967) Edition (The Miner’s ‘Bible’)}

_{3) Maxwell, J. C. (2012). Theory of heat: Courier Corporation.}

_{4) Holmes, R. I. (2018). Thermal Enhancement on Planetary Bodies and the Relevance of the Molar Mass Version of the Ideal Gas Law to the Null Hypothesis of Climate Change. Earth, 7(3), 107-123.}

_{5) Holmes, R. I. (2019) On the Apparent Relationship Between Total Solar Irradiance and the Atmospheric Temperature at 1 Bar on Three Terrestrial-type Bodies, Earth Sciences. 8(6), 346-351.}

_{6) Godwin (2021); Earth Can’t heat itself with it’s own Radiation; Brendan Godwin; 18th September 2021; DOI:10.1002/essoar.10511457.1;}

_{7) Godwin (2020b); Delay Time for Terrestrial InfraRed Radiation to escape Earth’s Atmosphere-2020b; DOI:10.13140/RG.2.2.32477.64481}

_{8) Godwin (2021a) Increase in CO2 Concentrations coming from the Oceans; DOI:10.13140/RG.2.2.35445.29923.}